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Psychological Review
written by Carol Dweck and Ellen L. Leggett
Past work has documented and described major patterns of adaptive and maladaptive behavior: the mastery-oriented and the helpless patterns. In this article, we present a research-based model that accounts for these patterns in terms of underlying psychological processes. The model specifies how individuals' implicit theories orient them toward particular goals and how these goals set up the different patterns. Indeed, we show how each feature (cognitive, affective, and behavioral) of the adaptive and maladaptive patterns can be seen to follow directly from different goals. We then examine the generality of the model and use it to illuminate phenomena in a wide variety of domains. Finally, we place the model in its broadest context and examine its implications for our understanding of motivational and personality processes.
Psychological Review: Volume 95, Issue 2, Pages 256-273
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Education - Basic Research
- Behavior
= Behavior Development
- Cognition
- Learning Theory
- Student Characteristics
= Affect
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© 1988 American Psychological Association
DOI:
10.1037/0033-295X.95.2.256
Keywords:
Behavior Theory, Motivational Theory, implicit theory
Record Creator:
Metadata instance created July 6, 2022 by Lauren Bauman
Record Updated:
September 20, 2022 by Caroline Hall
Last Update
when Cataloged:
September 15, 2005
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Record Link
AIP Format
C. Dweck and E. Leggett, , Psychol. Rev. 95 (2), 256 (1988), WWW Document, (https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256).
AJP/PRST-PER
C. Dweck and E. Leggett, A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality, Psychol. Rev. 95 (2), 256 (1988), <https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256>.
APA Format
Dweck, C., & Leggett, E. (2005, September 15). A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality. Psychol. Rev., 95(2), 256-273. Retrieved February 8, 2025, from https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256
Chicago Format
Dweck, Carol, and Ellen L. Leggett. "A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality." Psychol. Rev. 95, no. 2, (September 15, 2005): 256-273, https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256 (accessed 8 February 2025).
MLA Format
Dweck, Carol, and Ellen L. Leggett. "A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality." Psychol. Rev. 95.2 (1988): 256-273. 8 Feb. 2025 <https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256>.
BibTeX Export Format
@article{ Author = "Carol Dweck and Ellen L. Leggett", Title = {A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality}, Journal = {Psychol. Rev.}, Volume = {95}, Number = {2}, Pages = {256-273}, Month = {September}, Year = {2005} }
Refer Export Format

%A Carol Dweck %A Ellen L. Leggett %T A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality %J Psychol. Rev. %V 95 %N 2 %D September 15, 2005 %P 256-273 %U https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256 %O text/html

EndNote Export Format

%0 Journal Article %A Dweck, Carol %A Leggett, Ellen L. %D September 15, 2005 %T A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality %J Psychol. Rev. %V 95 %N 2 %P 256-273 %8 September 15, 2005 %U https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256


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