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written by
Carol Dweck and Ellen L. Leggett
Past work has documented and described major patterns of adaptive and maladaptive behavior: the mastery-oriented and the helpless patterns. In this article, we present a research-based model that accounts for these patterns in terms of underlying psychological processes. The model specifies how individuals' implicit theories orient them toward particular goals and how these goals set up the different patterns. Indeed, we show how each feature (cognitive, affective, and behavioral) of the adaptive and maladaptive patterns can be seen to follow directly from different goals. We then examine the generality of the model and use it to illuminate phenomena in a wide variety of domains. Finally, we place the model in its broadest context and examine its implications for our understanding of motivational and personality processes.
Psychological Review: Volume 95, Issue 2, Pages 256-273
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![]() <a href="https://www.per-central.org/items/detail.cfm?ID=16113">Dweck, Carol, and Ellen L. Leggett. "A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality." Psychol. Rev. 95, no. 2, (September 15, 2005): 256-273.</a>
![]() C. Dweck and E. Leggett, , Psychol. Rev. 95 (2), 256 (1988), WWW Document, (https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256).
![]() C. Dweck and E. Leggett, A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality, Psychol. Rev. 95 (2), 256 (1988), <https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256>.
![]() Dweck, C., & Leggett, E. (2005, September 15). A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality. Psychol. Rev., 95(2), 256-273. Retrieved February 8, 2025, from https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256
![]() Dweck, Carol, and Ellen L. Leggett. "A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality." Psychol. Rev. 95, no. 2, (September 15, 2005): 256-273, https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256 (accessed 8 February 2025).
![]() Dweck, Carol, and Ellen L. Leggett. "A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality." Psychol. Rev. 95.2 (1988): 256-273. 8 Feb. 2025 <https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256>.
![]() @article{
Author = "Carol Dweck and Ellen L. Leggett",
Title = {A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality},
Journal = {Psychol. Rev.},
Volume = {95},
Number = {2},
Pages = {256-273},
Month = {September},
Year = {2005}
}
![]() %A Carol Dweck %A Ellen L. Leggett %T A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality %J Psychol. Rev. %V 95 %N 2 %D September 15, 2005 %P 256-273 %U https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256 %O text/html ![]() %0 Journal Article %A Dweck, Carol %A Leggett, Ellen L. %D September 15, 2005 %T A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality %J Psychol. Rev. %V 95 %N 2 %P 256-273 %8 September 15, 2005 %U https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256 Disclaimer: ComPADRE offers citation styles as a guide only. We cannot offer interpretations about citations as this is an automated procedure. Please refer to the style manuals in the Citation Source Information area for clarifications.
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